The role of ecological civilization construction is becoming more and more important. Based on the construction of a community with a shared future for mankind and the sustainable development of the Chinese nation, the CPC Central Committee has integrated carbon peaking and carbon neutralization into the overall layout of ecological civilization construction, introduced carbon peaking and carbon neutralization indicators into the layout of ecological civilization construction, and is expected to achieve the expected goals in 2030 and 2060 respectively. In the process of vigorously carrying out the construction of ecological civilization, the proposal of the strategic objectives of carbon peaking and carbon neutralization can coordinate and optimize the allocation of resources, promote the realization of the goal of coordinated development between man and nature, and provide a solid guarantee for promoting the transformation and development of green and low-carbon society.
Clarify the development objectives of ecological civilization construction, and implement the deployment requirements of carbon peak and carbon neutralization
In the process of completing the tasks of carbon peak and carbon neutralization, we are facing great challenges. We need to make positive changes in ecological environment protection, lifestyle and production mode from an overall perspective. As for the construction of ecological civilization, in terms of strategies and objectives, its own tasks have certain synergy and correlation with carbon peaking and carbon neutralization, as well as some contradictions. This requires that in the overall planning and development layout of ecological civilization construction, the concept of carbon peak and carbon neutralization should be scientifically incorporated, and carbon reduction should be taken as the key index of the evaluation system of ecological civilization construction. Focusing on carbon peaking and carbon neutralization, we can further clarify the development objectives of ecological civilization construction, achieve efficiency through synergy, and balance the relationship between sustainable social and economic development, effective utilization of resources, environmental protection and carbon peaking and carbon neutralization. However, it should be noted that the integration of carbon peaking and carbon neutralization in the overall development strategy of ecological civilization construction is not a simple concept introduction, but to effectively connect the ecosystem and socio-economic system with the help of carbon peaking and carbon neutralization indicators, so as to fully penetrate into various fields, such as system and ecological construction, green development, pollution prevention and control, etc, In the way of systematic adjustment and transformation, give full play to the synergy of different industries and socio-economic departments in the process of emission reduction, energy conservation, green and low-carbon development, so as to maximize the comprehensive benefits.
When establishing carbon peak and carbon neutralization as the development goals of ecological civilization construction, we should clearly understand the short-term growth demand, grasp the long-term transformation and development trend, and coordinate the relationship between the two to avoid the problem of excessive and formalized low-carbon emission reduction. The establishment of carbon peak and carbon neutralization goals also puts forward new requirements for the development model and economic system. Therefore, we must update the thinking mode of ecological civilization construction, build an innovative development model, better comply with the green and low-carbon development situation and obtain greater low-carbon competitiveness. In view of the phenomenon of sports carbon reduction, the primary task at present is to develop a new economic development model and find a new driving force for economic growth without interfering with the stable economic development and promoting industrial transformation and upgrading in the early stage of integrating the goal of ecological civilization construction of carbon peaking and carbon neutralization, combined with the actual situation.
On the basis of clarifying carbon peaking and carbon neutralization as the top-level design for the construction and development of ecological civilization, we can draw up a specific road map and timetable, formulate a phased implementation strategy from 2030 to 2060, and fully implement the deployment requirements of carbon peaking and carbon neutralization. Combined with the established carbon peak and carbon neutralization development indicators, it also helps to refine all aspects of development objectives, including optimizing and adjusting traffic structure, ecological environment protection and restoration, air quality improvement, total energy consumption and intensity, so as to make the overall goal of ecological civilization construction more feasible and instructive.
Adhering to the principle of collaborative innovation, improving quality and efficiency, accelerate the transformation and development of green and low-carbon
The integration of carbon peaking and carbon neutralization in the overall development strategy of ecological civilization construction requires scientific coordination of the relationship between resource security and ecological security, adhering to the principles of collaborative innovation, quality improvement and efficiency increase, establishing a low-carbon energy system and minimizing the total emission, so as to effectively promote the green and low-carbon transformation and development. In the process of new energy development, ecological security needs to be taken into account. Compared with traditional energy, solar photovoltaic power generation can greatly reduce carbon emissions and can be reused. However, in the face of large demand, it also has the problem of low energy density and needs to occupy large agricultural and ecological land; In terms of wind power, it is necessary to set the fan on the mountain with relatively high terrain, but these locations are generally located in ecologically fragile areas, which also reduces the area of forest land during the construction process; In the field of end consumption, hydrogen and electricity can achieve the effect of low-carbon emission reduction and help to achieve the goal of carbon neutralization. However, there is a large demand for new mineral resources and there are certain resource security risks. Therefore, carbon neutralization does not require only reducing carbon emissions, but also integrating the overall development trend and reshaping the geopolitical and economic system.
China should rely on advanced intelligent technology to vigorously promote the development of new industries, including energy storage industry, smart grid industry and new energy industry, so as to ensure the deep decarbonization of power system; At the same time, we should deepen the development of cyano chemical industry, prefabricated buildings, new energy vehicles and other industries, strive to achieve the cleanness of terminal energy, and significantly reduce the proportion of carbon emissions and amortization fees; In the field of agricultural development, we should also speed up the development process of green ecological agriculture, control greenhouse gas emissions in the process of agricultural production, and connect the strategic objectives of carbon peaking and carbon neutralization with the green economic transformation and development plan. In addition, China should put the development of ecological circular agriculture in an important strategic position, actively establish and build the brand of ecological agricultural products, strictly control the total use of pesticides, and then promote the sustainable development of agriculture and animal husbandry. In terms of industrial development, in order to speed up the industrial layout and promote the effective transformation of industrial structure, we should also continuously upgrade high energy consuming industries with the goal of low carbon, transfer some industries with large energy consumption and covering a wide range to areas with a large number of renewable resources, and optimize the production layout of new energy.
Scientifically evaluate the effectiveness of pollution reduction and carbon reduction, and formulate a refined management plan
At present, the carbon sequestration rate of China's terrestrial ecosystem is maintained at the level of nearly one billion tons of carbon dioxide / year, which is closely related to the six major ecological and environmental protection projects carried out in China since the 18th National Congress. The total carbon sequestration of these projects accounts for about 56% of the carbon sequestration of terrestrial ecosystem. However, integrating carbon peaking and carbon neutralization into the overall development plan of ecological civilization construction will lead to differences between forest management and the previous model under the principle of ecological protection. Taking the emphasis on Vegetation in desert areas as an example, this measure can form certain ecological benefits, improve the natural ecological environment, and also form new energy. Therefore, it is necessary to formulate a refined management scheme and scientifically evaluate the effectiveness of pollution and carbon reduction, so as to reflect the synergy of carbon bee, carbon neutralization and environmental pollution control.
At present, it is necessary to scientifically establish the evaluation index system of pollution and carbon reduction, evaluate the effectiveness of pollution and carbon reduction of relevant measures in different fields, including construction, industry and agriculture, and implement multi-dimensional evaluation to find the optimal implementation scheme in line with the strategic objectives from the perspective of the whole life cycle. In the realization of resource-based utilization, we should also minimize carbon dioxide emissions. Among them, for the treatment of sewage, sludge and garbage, it is necessary to adopt the scheme of source reduction, low energy consumption treatment, control of greenhouse gas emission and carbon compensation; In terms of ecological development of agriculture and forestry, we should adhere to the concept of forest, grass, combination of forest and grass, wasteland and tree and shrub, repair the ecological environment as much as possible, comprehensively improve the carbon storage and carbon fixation capacity of agricultural cultivated land, grassland and forest, vigorously promote the high-quality development of returning farmland to forest and grassland, and carry out effective capacity-building for ecological engineering Maintenance work to reduce the occurrence of problems such as excessive exploitation of groundwater and man-made carbon deposition.
Build a sound ecological civilization system based on the goal orientation of carbon peak and carbon neutralization
As a long-term and arduous task, the construction of ecological civilization needs long-term and sustained efforts. In order to achieve the goal of carbon peak and carbon neutralization set by the Party Central Committee and further promote the sustainable development of the Chinese nation, it is necessary to update and change the concept of development. In the context of the new era, China needs to form a new systematic concept, pay attention to energy conservation, vigorously carry out risk management and control, balance the relationship between socio-economic development, energy conservation and emission reduction, and grasp the relationship between overall planning and local development according to the formulated short-term and long-term development goals. In the process of actually implementing the construction of ecological civilization, it is necessary to clarify the responsibilities of all parties, rely on institutional advantages to give full play to the collaborative forces of the market and government institutions, and deepen the practice of reform and innovation. At the same time, China should also strengthen exchanges and communication with other countries, make an overall analysis of energy resources at home and abroad, form a new development pattern and contribute to global environmental governance and protection.
Under the goal orientation of carbon peak and carbon neutralization, China should promote the coordination and cooperation between different departments, improve the participation enthusiasm of multiple stakeholders, and implement the carbon emission intensity control system and total carbon emission control system. It can play the role of market-oriented means, reasonably coordinate the development of green card trading, energy right trading and carbon market, reduce the occurrence probability of problems such as large institutional cost investment and low efficiency, build high-quality low-carbon standards under carbon peak and carbon neutralization, and build a low-carbon cycle benchmarking system.
In the process of building a sound ecological civilization system, we should adjust the relationship between the current ecological civilization system and the new system, further adjust the existing ecological civilization system in combination with the strategic objectives of carbon peak and carbon neutralization, and refine relevant contents, such as carbon emission intensity and total amount control, total energy consumption and intensity control Integration of "double carbon" goal and natural resource use management, etc.
In the process of accelerating high-quality development in China, strengthening the construction of ecological civilization is an inevitable demand, which can provide a solid guarantee for the realization of the dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. In the process of comprehensively promoting carbon peaking and carbon neutralization, we must continue to optimize and upgrade the industrial structure and adjust the energy structure from the aspects of clarifying the development objectives of ecological civilization construction, accelerating the transformation and development of green and low carbon, formulating refined management plans and improving the system of ecological civilization, And strengthen the capacity of ecological protection and restoration, promote international exchanges and cooperation, deeply implement the new concept of high-quality development with ecological priority and green and low carbon, and promote the comprehensive green transformation of society.
