The state will strengthen the pollution control of waste plastics from the perspective of the whole life cycle and environmental risk prevention and control, which involves waste plastics from industrial sources, living sources, agricultural sources, medical institutions and other fields.
The first financial reporter learned from the Ministry of ecological environment that the technical specifications for pollution control of waste plastics (hereinafter referred to as the technical specifications) were issued on the 15th. The relevant person in charge of the Department of solid waste and chemicals of the Ministry of ecological environment said that the technical specifications have connected the latest management requirements and filled the management gap.
Compared with the 2007 edition, the technical specification has deleted the imported waste plastics according to the change of China's import waste management policy; According to the classification of waste plastics, waste plastics belonging to hazardous wastes are added.
China is a large country of plastic production and consumption. In recent years, with the prosperity and development of express delivery, takeout and other industries, the demand for plastic packaging products has increased rapidly, the consumption of plastic has been rising, and the production of waste plastic has increased rapidly.
Lijinghong, a professor in the Department of chemistry of Tsinghua University, introduced that the amount of waste plastics in China is huge. Due to the stable chemical structure of plastics, it is difficult to degrade naturally. Improper use, disposal and accumulation will cause serious environmental pollution and waste of resources.
Lijinghong found in the investigation that the current supporting policies for the waste plastic recycling industry are not sound, and the technology and product development are difficult, resulting in great uncertainty in the implementation, construction and operation of the project, and difficult to guarantee the product quality, production process, safety and environmental protection.
According to the report released by the China Materials Recycling Association, in 2020, the total amount of waste plastics produced in China was about 60million tons, and the overall recovery rate of waste plastics was only 26.7%. Another statistical data shows that about 50million tons of waste plastics are produced in domestic waste every year in China. If all of them are incinerated, about 160million tons of carbon dioxide will be generated, and landfilling will also pollute the environment.
The technical specification stipulates that the green design of plastic products should be strengthened to facilitate reuse and disposal; Based on the principle of improving resource utilization and reducing environmental impact, a reasonable and feasible technical route for waste plastic utilization and disposal shall be selected according to the sequence of reuse, recycling and disposal. Recycling enterprises of waste plastics should actively promote the upgrading and transformation of processes, technologies and equipment, and actively apply advanced cleaner production technologies.
According to the technical specifications, units and other producers and operators involved in the generation, collection, transportation, storage, utilization and disposal of waste plastics shall take measures to prevent dispersion, loss, leakage or other environmental pollution according to the pollutants generated, and implement the relevant national and local discharge standards. An enterprise engaged in the collection, recycling and disposal of waste plastics shall establish a waste plastics management account, which shall include the source, type, quantity, destination, etc. of waste plastics. The relevant account shall be kept for at least 3 years.
In terms of pollution control of waste plastics from agricultural sources, the technical specification stipulates that waste non fully biodegradable plastic agricultural films; Waste non fully biodegradable fishing nets, fishing gear, net boxes and other waste plastics; Waste plastics such as waste fertilizer packaging bags (barrels or bottles) shall be recycled and shall not be discarded, buried or burned in the open air. Recyclable materials such as waste plastics in medical institutions shall be put into special containers and shall not be mixed with medical wastes.
The crushing methods of waste plastics are divided into dry crushing and wet crushing. According to the technical specifications, when dry crushing is used, corresponding dust-proof and noise proof equipment shall be equipped. When wet crushing is used, supporting sewage collection and treatment facilities shall be provided. Corresponding wastewater collection and treatment facilities shall be provided according to the type and concentration of pollutants in the cleaning wastewater. The cleaning wastewater shall be recycled after treatment.
Guowei, a researcher of Zhejiang provincial Yangtze River Delta circular economy technology research institute, told the first financial reporter that under the background of the promotion of the whole industrial chain, China has carried out comprehensive research on plastic recycling technology and promoted pilot demonstration. He said that the Yangtze River Delta circular economy technology research institute, together with 23 research institutes, industry associations, brands and recycling enterprises such as Sinopec Chemical Industry Division and Tongji University Circular Economy Research Institute, has jointly launched the plastic recycling industry joint Green Action Alliance initiative to create a new model of plastic circular economy through innovative material development, application, recycling and recycling.
